Ultrasonic Medical Imaging System
Ultrasonic Medical Imaging System Customer Case A customer wants to construct an ultrasonic medical imaging system based on a transducer array. A central ultrasonic generation transducer generates a burst of ultrasonic energy which travels towards a tissue specimen. Echoes reflected off the tissue specimen are simultaneously detected by an array of 48 ultrasonic receiver transducers arranged in a dish-like pattern. The customer must simultaneously digitize all 48 signals and download them to PC RAM as quickly as possible. The customer requires 8 bit vertical resolution and would like to sample at 40 MS/s, but 20 MS/s would be acceptable. [...]
Five Common Mistakes with Semiconductor Wafer Measurement GalleryFive Common Mistakes with Semiconductor Wafer Measurement
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Five Common Mistakes with Semiconductor Wafer Measurement
Semiconductor wafer measurement requires a high degree of precision. The right metrology equipment and inspection processes are important, but so is procedural consistency and attention to detail. If you’re not getting the results you want, it’s time to look beyond the measurements. With bare semiconductor wafers, users need to avoid these five common mistakes. Mistake #1 | Turning the Device Off Most users turn on metrology devices only when it’s time to use them. As soon as semiconductor wafer measurement is complete, the devices are turned off. This reduces electricity consumption but also introduces thermal instability that can cause [...]
Intra-Vascular Ultrasound
Intra-Vascular Ultrasound Customer Case The customer does intra-vascular diagnostic ultrasound. In this novel technique, an ultrasonic catheter is guided through a patient's blood vessel. Throughout its helical or corkscrew-like path, the ultrasonic transducer-tipped catheter emits bursts of ultrasonic energy. Reflections from the vessel wall return into the transducer and can be used to characterize such features as plaque deposits. The customer wishes to resolve features as small as 3 mm. The amount of time, D t, required for ultrasound to reflect off an interface that is a distance x away and return to the transducer is: D t = [...]
Capacitance Probes: Five Things You Need to Know
Capacitance probes are non-contact measurement devices with a capacitance sensor inside a protective shell or housing. They use cables and connectors to integrate with amplifiers and are an important part of capacitance measurement systems. By using capacitance, engineers can measure physical parameters such as vibration, pressure, liquid levels, metal contamination, and seismic activity – just to name a few. There’s a lot to know about capacitance probes, but five key facts to understand. Capacitance probes are highly accurate and very stable. They’re better than older devices and competing technologies. They require little calibration and support miniaturization and embedding. They [...]
Deep Capture of Medical Sonography Signals
Deep Capture of Medical Sonography Signals Customer Case Medical sonography refers to the use of reflected ultrasonic echoes to image a patient's internal organs. A customer has a commercial medical diagnostic ultrasound system. During its operation, an external probe is placed upon the patient. An ultrasonic transducer within the probe head mechanically scans in a linear frame pattern at a rate of approximately 22 frames/sec. The transducer generates a sharp ultrasonic pulse into the patient and the same transducer detects reflected echoes from various tissue interfaces. In normal operation, the system processes the ultrasonic echoes in a prescribed fashion [...]
Press Release: Vitrek Announces Academic Discount Program to Support Technology Lab Upgrades in Educational Institutions GalleryPress Release: Vitrek Announces Academic Discount Program to Support Technology Lab Upgrades in Educational Institutions
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Press Release: Vitrek Announces Academic Discount Program to Support Technology Lab Upgrades in Educational Institutions
Vitrek Announces Academic Discount Program to Support Technology Lab Upgrades in Educational Institutions Special program offers a 15% academic discount to universities, vocational schools, graduate schools, technical colleges and training facilities on Vitrek & XiTRON products and accessories. […]
Laser Scanning Microscope Interface
Laser Scanning Microscope Interface Customer Case This customer needs to interface a scanning laser microscope to their PC so that image data can be acquired and stored. Data is received from the laser microscope via an optical sensor at 1300 line scans per image. Each scan has an 8 ms duration, but 2/3 of that time is scan time and 1/3 is flyback time (dead time). The customer has determined that a 1 us sample width (or faster) would be adequate. There is also a price vs. performance issue - the customer has a tight budget and wants the [...]
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging (EPRI) Measuring of Tumor Oxygen Levels
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging (EPRI) Measuring of Tumor Oxygen Levels Customer Case The customer is improving their Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging (EPRI) system that is used for the diagnosis of tumors. Using this non-invasive method, the concentration of oxygen in living tissues can be determined without the need for biopsies. Tumors that have little or no oxygen content (i.e. hypoxia) also have increased resistance to radio-frequency radiation, making it less effective as a choice for cancer treatment. Identifying those patients with hypoxic tumors allow alternative treatments to be used instead. The requirement is to capture the returned RF signals [...]
Capacitance Sensors: Three Things You Need to Know
Capacitance sensors are precision measurement tools for process automation, quality control, and tool automation control. They’re used in a many different industries and are suitable for virtually any application where accuracy is paramount. There’s a lot to know about capacitive sensors (as they’re sometimes called), but engineers need to start with three key questions. What are the parameters to specify when selecting a capacitance sensor? What are factors to consider when embedding a capacitive sensor in an industrial application? What is the future of capacitance-based measurement products? MTI Instruments has been providing U.S.-made capacitance sensor systems for over 50 [...]
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Imaging of Biological Molecules
Transmission Electron Microscopy for Imaging of Biological Molecules Customer Case The customer is improving their customized Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) that is optimized for imaging unstained biological molecules with minimal radiation damage. Diffraction-limited resolution of 0.25 nm is routinely obtained with a cold field-emission electron-gun operating at 40 keV. The sample is maintained at about 123 K (i.e. -150°C), both to eliminate contamination and to reduce mass-loss. The scan raster is 512 x 512 points with a dwell time of 30 microseconds per pixel (over 8.5 seconds per raster-scan). For most mass measurements, the pixels are separated by 1 [...]