Whitepapers
Choosing the Right Hipot Platform for Modern Manufacturing Electrical Safety Testing
Introduction Electrical safety testing has evolved from a standalone bench task into a critical, integrated part of modern manufacturing and product validation. As products become more complex — and production environments more automated — the choice of a hipot tester is no longer just about voltage range or leakage [...]
Enabling Intelligent, Automation-Ready Electrical Safety Testing in Modern Production
Application Note: Enabling Intelligent, Automation-Ready Electrical Safety Testing in Modern Production Introduction As manufacturing environments evolve toward Industry 4.0, electrical safety testing can no longer operate as a standalone, manual process. Modern production lines demand seamless automation integration, high throughput, traceable data, and uncompromised measurement integrity. Hipot testing—critical [...]
Testing Energy-Efficient Washing Machines with the PA900 Power Analyzer
Application Note: Testing Energy-Efficient Washing Machines with the PA900 Power Analyzer Introduction Today’s consumers demand home appliances that use less energy and water. Washing machines are no exception. Manufacturers must meet strict energy labeling standards and provide proof that their products are truly efficient. This means accurate, repeatable [...]
Ultra-Low Standby Power Testing Made Simple with Vitrek Power Analyzers and EN50564:2011
Application Note: Ultra-Low Standby Power Testing Made Simple with Vitrek Power Analyzers and EN50564:2011 Introduction Electronic devices sold in energy-conscious markets must meet strict standby and off-mode power limits as defined by standards like IEC62301 and EN50564:2011. This application note shows how Vitrek’s PA920 Series Precision Power Analyzers [...]
Power Analyzers: The Backbone of Modern Electrical Engineering
Introduction In the fast-paced world of electrical engineering, ensuring accurate power measurement is crucial for efficiency, reliability, and compliance. Power analyzers play a key role in industries ranging from renewable energy to semiconductor manufacturing, providing engineers with the insights needed to optimize performance and troubleshoot electrical systems. At the [...]
Application Note: Maximizing High-Voltage Measurement Accuracy with the Vitrek 4700
Maximizing High-Voltage Measurement Accuracy with the Vitrek 4700 A Metrology Engineer’s Perspective Author: Ken Sams, Metrology & Quality Assurance Engineer INTRODUCTION In the realm of high-voltage electronic test and measurement, precision, convenience and safety are all critical. As a Metrology & Quality Assurance Engineer at a [...]
Whitepaper: Mastering High Voltage: The Importance of Accurate Test Equipment
Introduction Accurate definition and measurement of critical electrical performance parameters is essential for ensuring the reliability and safety of high-voltage equipment and cabling. For applications which can involve tens of thousands of volts, safety risks are high, as are the demands on the test equipment used to [...]
Whitepaper: How to Work Safely with High-Voltage Test & Measurement Equipment
How to Work Safely with High-Voltage Test & Measurement Equipment Vitrek’s advanced 4700 High Voltage Meter and SmartProbes offer alternative to legacy approach to calibrating high-voltage systems. INTRODUCTION When working with high-voltage test and measurement equipment, electrical and test engineers strive to achieve the most precise readings [...]
White Paper: High Performance Test Equipment Assures LED Lighting Products Comply with Industry Standards
Introduction Manufacturers and users of LED lighting applications need to be assured that their products will be qualified according to a multitude of reliability and efficiency standards. In addition to voluntary initiatives and programs like EnergyStar, mandatory standards and specifications for the lighting industry must be kept in [...]
White Paper: Hipot Testing of Military/Aerospace Interconnect Components
Introduction Operational performance and safety are paramount concerns when determining the acceptability of a range of interconnection products in military and aerospace applications. Connectors and relays, wires, wire bundled into cables and harnesses, all must be tested against stringent standards. The number and range of these standards is [...]
White Paper: Electrical Safety & Compliance Testing for Appliance & Consumer Product Manufacturers
Introduction Electrical appliances, computers and peripherals, power tools and other devices found in the home and office environments must be tested to confirm adherence to a plethora of stringent certification standards. The vast array of consumer devices for the home and office — from blenders and ovens to [...]
White Paper: Cable & Connector Test System Facilitates Multi-Point High Voltage/Current Testing
White Paper: Cable & Connector Test System Facilitates Multi-Point High Voltage/Current Testing Introduction Hipot testing is critical in assuring compliance with a host of electrical safety standards and in confirming the assembled product is free from electrical or mechanical defects. Hipot testers are used to measure leakage current and [...]
White Paper: Precision Power Analyzers
White Paper All the tools needed to study and optimize virtually any power project in a single instrument Introduction The design of any power conversion system requires the measurement of a large range of electrical parameters that could be made using a lab bench [...]
White Paper: High Accuracy, High Voltage Measurement – April, 2019
Introduction One of the first principals learned as an engineering student is the “observer effect” which states that simply observing a situation or phenomenon necessarily changes that phenomenon. This is often the result of instruments that, by necessity, alter the state of what they measure in some manner. Accurate [...]
White Paper: Fundamentals of Electrical Safety Testing
Part 1 - Functions & Features of Advanced Hipot Testers Introduction Electrical safety testers - often referred to as "hipot" testers - are an integral part of electrical and electronic equipment manufacturing. Hipot testers get their name from the high potential (high voltage) they produce to perform dielectric withstand [...]
Application Note: Modernizing a Legacy Military Avionics Test System with a Programmable GaGe High-Speed Digitizer
Introduction Across military and aerospace maintenance operations, many proven test systems remain in service decades after their original deployment. These systems often support critical certification procedures, validated workflows, and platform-specific compliance tests that are [...]
Whitepaper: Oscilloscopes vs Digitizers: Choosing the Right Platform for Wideband Signal Acquisition
Introduction As signal environments become faster, more complex, and more data-intensive, engineers need acquisition tools that match the demands of modern testing. Whether validating next-generation communications systems, capturing radar pulses, analyzing ultrasound returns, or [...]
Radio Astronomy Measurements Using a GaGe RazorMax Digitizer
Radio Astronomy Measurements Using a GaGe RazorMax Digitizer Introduction Radio astronomy relies on highly sensitive measurements of weak electromagnetic emissions originating from cosmic sources, including [...]
Did You Know? GaGe Digitizers in Imaging & Ultrasound Applications
Introduction Innovations in medical and pharmaceutical imaging demand precision, speed, and reliability—and GaGe high-speed digitizers are rising to the challenge. From enhancing breast cancer detection and cardiovascular research to improving ultrasound clarity and gamma [...]
Did You Know? GaGe Digitizers in Cancer & Diagnostic Applications
Introduction GaGe high-performance digitizers are playing a transformative role in advancing neurological diagnostics and brain research. GaGe digitizers provide the speed and precision needed for advanced brain imaging and neurological research. In focused ultrasound [...]
Did You Know? GaGe Digitizers in Brain Imaging & Neurological Applications
Introduction GaGe high-performance digitizers are playing a transformative role in advancing neurological diagnostics and brain research. GaGe digitizers provide the speed and precision needed for advanced brain imaging and neurological research. In focused ultrasound [...]
Did You Know? GaGe Digitizers in Medical Applications
Introduction High-speed digitizers are indispensable tools in the medical and pharmaceutical industries, transforming how data is captured, processed, and analyzed. These advanced devices enable precise measurement and real-time monitoring in applications ranging from medical [...]
The Answer Vault: GaGe CompuScope Digitizers — Q & A with Dr. Andrew Dawson
Introduction This document explores the advanced features of GaGe CompuScope Digitizers in a variety of applications, featuring insights from Dr. Andrew Dawson. A seasoned physicist and leader, Dr. Dawson holds a Doctorate in experimental [...]
Did You Know? GaGe RazorMax Express Digitizer/Oscilloscope: An Efficient & Cost-Effective Tool for High-Energy Physics Particle Counting Applications
Introduction Figure 1. Examples of photo-mulitiplier tubes, or PMTs (Photo courtesy of Hamamatsu). An important category of experimental physics is nuclear and particle physics, a near synonym for high-energy physics. A [...]
Did You Know? GaGe Digitizers in Military & Aerospace Applications
Introduction High-speed digitizers are indispensable tools in the military and aerospace industries, revolutionizing the way data is captured, processed, and analyzed. These advanced devices enable precise measurement and real-time monitoring of complex systems, from [...]
Whitepaper: What Defines Performance in High-Speed Digitizers
Introduction Today’s advanced, PC-based digitizers for high-speed data acquisition are necessary for myriad applications – ranging from signal analysis, lidar, ultrasound imaging and non-destructive testing, to communications, particle physics, mass spectroscopy and more. This [...]
Article: High-Performance Digitizers in Semiconductor Manufacturing Applications
High-Performance Digitizers in Semiconductor Manufacturing Applications PC-based high-speed, high-resolution digitizers perform critical data acquisition functions during semiconductor fabrication, die packaging, and final chip testing. Introduction Data acquisition is a critical [...]
GaGe Whitepaper: Use of a PC-Based Digitizer in a Medical Acoustic Microscopy System
Use of a PC-Based Digitzer in a Medical Acoustic Microscopy System By Andrew Dawson, Ph. D-GaGe (a Vitrek brand) Introduction ABSTRACT: Construction of a medical [...]
GaGe Whitepaper: Ground-Breaking Lightning Study Uses GaGe Razor Express High-Speed Digitizer
Ground-Breaking Lightning Study Uses GaGe Razor Express High-Speed Digitizer By Gerald Allgaier, GaGe (a Vitrek brand) Introduction Razor Express digitizer is an integral part of [...]
GaGe Whitepaper: Wide Bandwidth Digitizer Provides Essential Data Processing in an Innovative Real-Time Channel Sounder for 5G Applications
Wide Bandwidth Digitizer Provides Essential Data Processing in an Innovative Real-Time Channel Sounder for 5G Applications By Gerald Allgaier, GaGe ( a Vitrek Brand) Introduction Orange Labs, the research & development division [...]
GaGe White Paper: ENOB: The Best Digitizer Performance Metric
Introduction Figure 1. GaGe High-Speed Digitizers including PC Oscilloscope Software, powerful SDKs for custom application development and turnkey integrated PC-based measurement systems. While the nominal vertical resolution of a high-speed [...]
Google Scholar
Visit and View "GaGe Digitizer" on Google Scholar Visit and View "GaGe Applied Technologies" on Google Scholar Google Scholar is a dedicated search site for scholarly literature that includes academic research papers, technical articles, [...]
Engine Balancing in the Digital Age: Unlocking Faster, Smarter MRO with Integrated Aircraft Data
Introduction Modern aircraft engines generate vast amounts of operational data, yet much of this information has historically remained under utilized during maintenance procedures like vibration balancing. As fleets transition to digitally connected avionics architectures, [...]
Application Note: Replace Three Legacy Systems with One: Modernizing Aerospace/Defense Test Cells with PBS eXpress
Introduction Many military/defense and commercial aerospace test cells still rely on aging analog instruments that, while functional, introduces risk through calibration challenges, legacy components, and lack of digital data access. As testing demands evolve, [...]
Application Note: Accessing Digital Engine Data for Multi-Platform Aircraft Balancing with MTI PBS Systems
Introduction Modern aircraft engines are no longer dependent solely on discrete analog sensors for critical performance data. Increasingly, vibration amplitudes, phase information, and engine speed are transmitted digitally through aircraft data buses such as [...]
Portable Engine Balancing: Solving the Small Jet MRO Capacity Crunch
Introduction As the business and regional aviation sector continues its rapid growth, maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) providers are struggling to keep up with demand. Portable engine-balancing technology allows maintenance teams—even less experienced staff—to [...]
Precision Control in Semiconductor Wafer Lapping
Application Overview Wafer lapping is a critical semiconductor thinning process that demands tight control to avoid over-removal of material, which can lead to costly yield loss. This application note details how MTI Instruments’ Accumeasure™ [...]
Case-In-Point: MTI Turbine Vibration Analyzer/Balancing System Technology Principles
What do you think when you’re flying home, cruising at 30,000 feet and the drinks have just been served? Our engineers think about the ripple in the glass. That ripple signals vibration and is an indication that the engine may be in need of a balance.
MTI Instruments Whitepaper: Capacitance Guide for Industrial Applications
Capacitance Guide for Industrial Applications This guide from MTI Instruments explains what you need to know about using electrical capacitance for measurement in industrial applications, including advanced manufacturing. Basic [...]
Whitepaper: Why Capacitance? Benefits and Applications of Digital Capacitive Sensors
Industry applications illustrate the versatility and benefits of today's digital capacitive sensor technology. The electrical capacitance formed between a capacitance probe and target surface varies as a function of the distance, or gap, between those two surfaces.
Whitepaper: Semiconductor Wafer Measurement for Increased Productivity
Semiconductor Wafer Measurement for Increased Productivity This three-part article describes how manufacturers leverage capacitance-based inspection systems for semiconductor wafers. The article reviews best-practices, consequences of failing to inspect semiconductor wafers [...]
The Cost of Failing to Inspect Semiconductor Wafers
This is the second of three articles in Semiconductor Wafer Measurement for Increased Profitability. The first article in this series explains why disc geometry matters. The third article describes the benefits of using semi-automated, fully-automated, and manual systems for [...]
Cable & Wire Troubleshooting Made Easy-Using the MTI 1510 Precision Signal Generator
Cable & Wire Troubleshooting Made Easy Using MTI Instruments 1510A Precision Signal/Function Generator Cable & Wire troubleshooting is important to identify and resolve problems with electrical or data transmission systems. Without proper [...]
High Precision Portable Signal Generators and Calibrators: Everything You Need to Know
High precision portable signal generators are portable electronic devices that generate highly precise signals for testing, system calibration, sensor simulation, troubleshooting, and monitoring. Unlike the benchtop signal generators that are used in laboratories, these [...]
Whitepaper: Three Vibration/Balancing Solutions for the Aviation Industry
Three Vibration/Balancing Solutions for the Aviation Industry MTI Instruments Offers a Variety of Solutions for Commercial, Regional & Military Jet Engine Balancing Applications Introduction Throughout the aviation industry, whether commercial or military, [...]
MTI Whitepaper: Easy Roller Gap Measurement Ensures Calendering Success
Easy Roller Gap Measurement Ensures Calendering Success Many roll-to-roll finishing processes typically use a calender, or series of hard pressure rollers, to deliver smooth, high-quality products of plastic, textile, or paper (Fig 1). Ensuring [...]
A Comprehensive Guide to Non-Contact Sensors and Their Applications
Sensors, both contact and non-contact, are crucial devices that allow the monitoring, detection, and reaction to conditions in an environment or within a process or piece of equipment. While myriad types of sensors exist [...]
Aircraft Vibration Analysis and Measurement Techniques
Aircraft engine vibration is a critical indicator of engine health and overall flight safety. While some level of vibration in aircraft is expected during normal operations, excessive or abnormal vibrations often signal underlying mechanical [...]
Measuring Brake Rotor Thickness Variation with Capacitive Sensing
Brake rotor thickness variation, or disc thickness variation (DTV), causes uneven wear to brake rotors, disc-shaped automotive parts that are squeezed between brake pads to slow or stop a vehicle’s wheels. [...]
Capacitive Displacement Sensors: Working Principle & Precision Measurement Applications
Capacitive Displacement Sensors: Working Principle & Precision Measurement Applications Capacitive displacement sensors are precision non-contact measurement devices that utilize capacitance changes to determine position, distance, and thickness with exceptional accuracy. These capacitive [...]
Capacitance Guide for Industrial Applications
Accumeasure Digital Capacitance System D Series Gen 3 View Product Capacitance Displacement and Gap Measurement Probes View Product Accumeasure Analog Capacitance System View Product Basic Principles of [...]
Electronic & RF / Radio Frequency Noise
What is RF Noise? RF noise (radio frequency noise) is unwanted electromagnetic interference that appears across the frequency spectrum in electronic systems. Understanding what is rf noise is crucial for anyone working with electronic [...]